A860-2050-T321 PULSECODER FANUC

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Essential details：A860-2050-T321 PULSECODER FANUC

Working principle of pulse encoder °
Pulse encoder is an optical position detection element. The encoding disc is directly installed on the rotating shaft of the motor to measure the rotation Angle position and speed change of the shaft. The output signal is electrical pulse. Is a commonly used angular displacement sensor. It can also be used as a speed detection device.
The advantages of pulse encoder are no friction and wear, small driving torque and fast response speed. The disadvantage of pulse encoder is poor anti-pollution ability and easy damage.
Classification and structure of pulse encoder
Pulse encoders are divided into photoelectric, contact and electromagnetic induction three kinds. The accuracy and reliability of photoelectric pulse encoder are superior to the other two, so only photoelectric pulse encoder is used on CNC machine tools.
The structure of the pulse encoder: The circle of a disk is engraved with equal spacing lines, which are divided into transparent and opaque parts, called circular grating. The circular light shed rotates with the working shaft. A fixed fan-shaped slice, called an indicator grating, is placed parallel to the circular grating, with two slits (directional slits) that differ by 1/4 of a pitch. In addition, there is a zero slot (one pulse per revolution). The pulse generator is connected to the servo motor by a cross connector or key.
The working principle of pulse encoder
When the circular grating is rotated with the working axis, light filters through the linear portion of the two grating, creating alternating stripes of light and dark. The photoelectric element takes these light and dark signals and converts them into alternating electrical signals. The electrical signal consists of two groups of current signals A and B, which are similar to sine waves, as shown in Figure 4-17. The phase difference between A and B signals is 90°, which is amplified and shaped into a square wave. The signal that passes through the two gratings and a per-revolution pulse, called the Z-phase pulse, is also obtained through the above processing. The Z pulse is used to generate the reference point of the machine tool. Later pulses are sent to a counter, according to the number and frequency of pulses can measure the rotation Angle and speed of the working shaft. The resolution depends on the number of turns of the circular grating and the subdivision of the measurement line.

A860-2050-T321

Application of pulse encoder
Pulse encoder is used as a position detection device in NC machine tool, and the detection signal is fed back to NC system. The feedback to the numerical control system has two ways: one is to adapt to the requirements of the reversible counter with addition and subtraction, forming the addition and subtraction pulse; The second is to adapt to the counting control and counting requirements of the counter, the formation of direction control signal and counting pulse.
Many people do not understand how the encoder pulse is calculated, now I will explain to you.
The specification of each encoder will indicate what the resolution is.
The unit is line/coil;
Assuming 1024 lines/turn, this means that each turn of the encoder will send 1024 A phase and 1024 B phase pulses.
At this point, it depends on how your pulse receiver counts the number of pulses. If it is A double frequency (that is, after receiving a complete A phase pulse rising edge and a B phase pulse rising edge, counting a pulse), it will receive 1024 pulses; If it is four times frequency (one pulse for each rising edge and falling edge of the A and B phases, then four for each AB phase), then 4096 pulses are received.

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